Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) are available in the country for a long time now. Several concerns have been raised about its misuse/overuse. Important findings from a systematic review of published peer reviewed articles on use of Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) in India are- Majority of the literature from India is cross-sectional in nature. The proportion of EC pill users ranges widely (0 to 84%). Poor methodological quality of these studies raises questions about the validity, reliability, and generalizability of the findings.

• The use is mostly understood in the context of marriage leaving out vulnerable populations like adolescent girls, unmarried women, and female sex workers. Repeat use of ECPs remains unexplored with patchy information and varied definitions.
• Although inadequate, the evidence does not support concerns about misuse of ECPs. Moralistic attitudes among healthcare providers, gender inequality pose significant barriers to the access of ECPs. Easy access in the form of advance provision of ECPs improves its uptake. More importantly, easy access does not increase unsafe sexual behaviors or irrational use among women.
• There is little information on adverse health effects of repeat use of ECPs as well as its contribution to preventing morbidity and mortality related to unintended pregnancies. A better understanding of positive as well as negative health impacts of ECPs is important in shaping the discourse in right direction.